Diffusion-Limited Aggregation

Electrodeposition

Putting a circular electrode around the inside edge of a Petri dish, filling the dish with a zinc or copper sulfate solution, and floating another electrode on the liquid surface near the middle of the Perti dish, an applied electrical current can grow a beautiful DLA crystal on the liquid surface.
Click the right picture for a larger version in a new window.
The crystal growth is governed by diffusion of the ions through the solution, so the resemblance to DLA is not surprising.
Among the supporting observations, we mention that the higher the voltage of the power source, the more filled-in are the branch tips. Higher voltage attracts the ions more quickly, so there is a lower probability of wandering through the fjords without sticking to a branch.
Here are pictures of crysals grown in zinc sulphate solutions, with voltages of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10V.
Here is one more example (left) and the result of a simulation (right).
Here are some experimental results on measuring the dimension of the clusters.
Copper sulfate electrodeposits gives dm = 2.43, Brady and Ball.
Zinc metal leaf electrodeposits gives dm = 1.66 for low voltages, Matsushita, Sano, Hayakawa, Honjo and Sawada.
Meakin reports that Kapitulnick obtained a dimension of about 1.7 for sputter-deposited niobium/germainum on thin films, and about 2.5 for electrodeposited polypyrrole.

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